Immunomodulator

An immunomodulator is a drug used for its effect on the immune system. There are two types of such drugs based on their effects:

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v • d • e Immunomodulators - immunostimulants (L03)

Colony stimulating factors	G-CSF (Filgrastim/Pegfilgrastim, Lenograstim) - GM-CSF (Molgramostim, Sargramostim) - SCF (Ancestim)

Interferons	alpha: Interferon alpha natural - Interferon alpha-2a/Peginterferon alpha-2a - Interferon alpha-2b/Peginterferon alpha-2b - Interferon alpha-n1 - Interferon alphacon-1 beta: Interferon beta natural - Interferon beta-1a - Interferon beta-1b Interferon gamma

Interleukins	Aldesleukin - Oprelvekin

Other cytokines and endogenous immunostimulants	Female sex steroids - Pegademase - Poly ICLC - Immunocyanin - Tasonermin - Histamine dihydrochloride - prolactin - growth hormone - vitamin D

Exogenous	Lentinan - Roquinimex - BCG vaccine - Pidotimod - Poly I:C - Thymopentin - Melanoma vaccine - Glatiramer acetate -

v • d • e

Immunomodulators - Immunosuppressants - Immunosuppressive drugs (L04)

Extracellular

Antibodies	CD3 (Muromonab-CD3, Teplizumab, Visilizumab) · CD4 (Keliximab, Zanolimumab) · CD11a (Efalizumab) · CD20 (Ocrelizumab, Pascolizumab) · CD23 (Lumiliximab) · IL-2/CD25 (Basiliximab, Daclizumab, Inolimomab) · CD40 (Teneliximab) · CD62L/L-selectin (Aselizumab) · CD147/Basigin (Gavilimomab, Ziralimumab) · CD154 (Ruplizumab) BLyS (Belimumab) · Complement component 5 (Eculizumab) · CTLA-4 (Ipilimumab) · CAT (Metelimumab) · Immunoglobulin E (Omalizumab) · Integrin (Natalizumab) · Interleukin 5 (Mepolizumab) · Interleukin-6 receptor (Tocilizumab) · TNFs (Infliximab, Adalimumab, Certolizumab pegol, Afelimomab, Golimumab) · LFA-1 (Odulimomab) other monoclonal: Atlizumab, Atorolimumab, Bertilimumab, Cedelizumab, Clenoliximab, Dorlimomab aritox, Dorlixizumab, Elsilimomab, Erlizumab, Faralimomab, Fontolizumab, Galiximab, Gantenerumab, Gomiliximab, Ibalizumab, Lebrilizumab, Lerdelimumab, Maslimomab, Morolimumab, Nerelimomab, Otelixizumab, Pexelizumab, Reslizumab, Rovelizumab, Siplizumab, Talizumab, Telimomab aritox, Toralizumab, Ustekinumab, Vapaliximab, Vepalimomab, Zolimomab aritox Polyclonal: Anti-thymocyte globulin

-cept (Fusion protein)	Abatacept, Aflibercept, Alefacept, Belatacept, Rilonacept, TNF inhibitor (Etanercept)

IL-1 receptor antagonists	Anakinra

Intracellular

Antimetabolites	purine synthesis inhibitor: Azathioprine, Mycophenolic acid pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor: Leflunomide antifolate: Methotrexate

Macrolides/ other IL-2 inhibitors	diminished production, FKBP/Cyclophilin/Calcineurin: Tacrolimus, Ciclosporin, Pimecrolimus diminished response, mTOR: Sirolimus, Deforolimus, Everolimus, Temsirolimus, Zotarolimus other: Abetimus, Gusperimus

TNF-α inhibitor	Thalidomide