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Teriflunomide
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
| (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]but-2-enamide | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 163451-81-8 |
| ATC code | none |
| PubChem | 5479847 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C12H9F3N2O2 |
| Mol. mass | 270.207 g/mol |
| SMILES | eMolecules & PubChem |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | >99.3% |
| Half life | 2 weeks |
| Excretion | Biliar, renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | X (contraindicated) |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Oral |
Teriflunomide (previously A77 1726) is the active metabolite of leflunomide.[1] Like leflunomide, it is used for rheumatoid arthritis.[2] As of September 2008[update], teriflunomide is investigated in the Phase III clinical trial TEMSO as a medication for multiple sclerosis (MS).[3]
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[edit] Mechanisms of action
Teriflunomide is an immunomodulatory drug inhibiting pyrimidine de novo synthesis by blocking the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. It is uncertain whether this explains its effect on MS lesions.[4]
Teriflunomide inhibits rapidly dividing cells, including activated T cells, which are thought to drive the disease process in MS. Teriflunomide may decrease the risk of infections compared to chemotherapy-like drugs because of its more-limited effects on the immune system.[5]
It has been found that teriflunomid blocks the transcription factor NF-κB. It also inhibits tyrosine kinase enzymes, but only in high doses not clinically used.[6]
[edit] Activation of leflunomide to teriflunomide
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The structure which results from ring opening can interconvert between the E and Z enolic forms (and the corresponding keto-amide), with the Z enol being the most stable and therefore most predominant form.
[edit] See also
See Leflunomide for information on pharmacokinetics, side-effects, contraindications and other data.
[edit] References
- ^ Magne D, Mézin F, Palmer G, Guerne PA (2006). "The active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, increases proliferation of human synovial fibroblasts in presence of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha". Inflamm. Res. 55 (11): 469–75. doi:10.1007/s00011-006-5196-x. PMID 17122964.
- ^ Boyd, B, Castaner, J (2005). "Teriflunomide". Drugs of the Future 30 (11): 1102. doi:10.1358/dof.2005.030.11.948823.
- ^ ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ H. Spreitzer (March 13, 2006). "Neue Wirkstoffe - Teriflunomid" (in German). Österreichische Apothekerzeitung (6/2006).
- ^ Dr. Timothy Vollmer (May 28, 2009). "MS Therapies in the Pipeline: Teriflunomide" (in English). eMS News (May 28, 2009).
- ^ Breedveld, FC; Dayer, J-M (November 2000). "Leflunomide: mode of action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis". Ann Rheum Dis 59: 841–849. doi:10.1136/ard.59.11.841. PMID 11053058.
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